Use of Imagery in Jean Toomers Cane Essay -- Toomer Cane Essays

Use of Imagery in Jean Toomers Cane Dusk. It is that darker side of twilight when the sun has honourable set, but the stargaze has yet to take full charge. It is a time of mergings, of vagueness and ambiguity, when an end and a beginning change places. The sun steps aside and lets the moon and stars take over for a while. As the most pervasive image in the first section of Jean Toomers Cane, it is the time of day when the sky, lazily disdaining to dog/The setting sun, too indolent to hold/ A lengthened tournament for flashing gold,/Passively darkens (Georgia Dusk, 15). It is also a reflection of the souls of the characters, like Karintha, sodding(a) as dusk when the sun goes down (3). Dusk and its smoky, dreamlike derivatives form the connective mental imagery joining light and dark, day and night, black and white. It is the kind of imagery that most closely articulates what George Hutchinson called Toomers dream of a new American race in his essay Jean Toomer and Ame rican Racial Discourse (227). He says, Toomers pot of a coming merging of the races makes perfect sense within the framework of the first section of Cane the dystopia of the contemporary South implies a corresponding utopia (234). spell Hutchinsons theories rely heavily upon miscegenation and Toomers use of racially mixed characters, the more compelling evidence seems to lie in the murkiness of both the mystic-like atmosphere of inelegant Georgia and the half created characterizations of its people. Through his distinctly modern use of imagery, Toomer creates a new iconography that defines a vision of the future where colors merge and race is no longer the harbinger of identity. To call Toomers agenda and use of imagery modern implies ... ...on, George. Jean Toomer and American Racial Discourse. Texas Studies in Literature and Language. 35, 2 (Summer 1993). 226-245. Reuben, Paul P. Chapter 9 Harlem Renaissance - Jean Toomer. PAL Perspectives in American Literature - A Research Guide. URL http//www.csustan.edu/english/reuben/pal/chap9/toomer.html Toomer, Jean. Cane. New York Norton, 1988. Toomer, Jean. Selected Essays and Literary Criticism. ed. Robert Jones. Knoxville UT Press, 1996. Whyde, Janet. Mediating Forms Narrating the ashes in Jean Toomers Cane. Southern Literary Journal. 26, 1 (Fall 1993). 42-52. Williams, Scott. A Jean Toomer Page http//members.aol.com/bonvibre/toomer0.html Yeats, William Butler. Into the Twilight. The Norton Anthology of Modern Poetry. eds. Richard Ellman and Robert OClair. New York Norton & Company, 1988.

Far and Away :: essays research papers

Far and Away fades in with a slow fly-over tool of a crashing Atlantic Ocean on a partly sunny day, off the coast of what could not be mistaken for anywhere but Ireland. The wide-angled strike continues, and the film title emerges as the camera lifts up and over the craggy cliffs and shoreline of rural Ireland our sense of place reinforced by a backing of well-to-do Celtic flute music. The opening credits continue to roll as the camera glides over a lush green, hilly landscape, accented by lately afternoon silhouettes of the partial cloud cover, and perhaps best described by Carolyn James in her review as picturesque in the manner of an Irish Spring soap commercial. Gradually, what we assume to be a late 19th century Irish village comes into view, characterized by a handful of key stone buildings, narrow carriage roads, and stone walls. The camera view switches to brief shot of the passageway level in the village, the music replaced by the bustle of the mundane activities of t he townspeople, before taking us into the local pub. It should be noted here that from street level, this village does not much resemble the romantic vision of the like village provided by the aerial shot. Even in such a short shot, the village get alongs more urban than it probably should, and if not for the natural light, would not differ greatly from the scenes of urban Boston later in the film.It is in the pub that we first meet Josephs father (Joe) and a friend (McGuire) who appear to be perpetuating stereotypes by sharing a drink (or two) in the middle of the day and singing a favourite drinking refrain before beingness summoned to the street by a local to protest the arrival of a rent collecting protestant landlord. The camera scrambles to follow the protest out into the street as the villagers yell and throw debris at the landlords carriage and horses. Here the early comedic groundwork of the film is set as the scene fundamentally stops to allow Joe to blurt out a semi-dr unken slurred barb toward the landlord, to which McGuire responds with a coy smile and a sarcastic You told him type response. The protest resumes (or, at least the film refocuses on the protest), and in the chaos of the landlord trying to escape the villagers, his horses and/or carriage knock over some sort of infrastructure (it is quite unclear what actually happens here) which falls on, and injuries Joe gravely.

Gun Control in Canada :: Second Amendment The Right To Bear Arms

Part IIntroductionThe issue of catalyst fake and violence, both in Canada and the coupled States,is hotshot that simply will not go away. If history is to be any guide, no matterwhat the resolution to the wedge control debate is, it is professionalbable that thearguments pro and con will be much the same as they always have been. In 1977,legislation was passed by the Canadian Parliament regulating grand guns for thefirst time, restructuring the availability of firearms, and increasing a varietyof penalties . Canadian firearms law is primarily federal, and therforenational in scope, while the bulk of the firearms regulation in the UnitedStates is at the state level attempts to introduce stricter leglislation at thefederal level argon often defeated.The importance of this issue is that not all pairing Americans are necessarilysupportive of strict gun control as being a feasible alternative to controllingurban violence. There are concerns with the opponents of gun control, that theprofessional criminal who wants a gun can obtain one, and leaves the averagelaw-abiding citizen helpless in defending themselves against the perils of urbanlife . Is it our advanced to bear arms as North Americans ? Or is it privilege? Andwhat are the benefits of having strict gun control laws? Through the analysis ofthe writings and reports of academics and experts of gun control and urbanviolence, it will be possible to examine the issues and theories of the socialimpact of this issue.Part II Review of the Literature A) SummaryIn a opus which looked at gun control and firearms violence in North America,Robert J. Mundt, of the University of North Carolina, points out that Crime inAmerica is popularly perceived in Canada as something to be expected in asociety which has less respect for the rule of law than does Canadiansociety...In 1977, the Canadian government took the initiative to legislate stricter guncontrol. Among the provisions legislated by the Canadian government was aFirearms Acquisition Certificate for the purchase of any firearm, andstrengthened the registration requirements for handguns and other restrictedweapons... .The purpose of the 1977 leglislation was to wince the availability offirearms, on the assumption that there is a positive relationship betweenavailability and use. In Robert J. Mundts study, when compared with the UnitedStates, trends in Canada over the past ten years in various types of violentcrime, suicide, and accidental death show no dramatic results, and fewsuggestions of perceptible effects of the 1977 Canadian gun control legislation.The only positive effect, Mundt, found in the study was the decrease in the use

Ambiguity in Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown Essay example -- Young Go

Ambiguity in new-fangled Goodman Brown There is no end to the ambiguity in Nathaniel Hawthornes Young Goodman Brown this essay hopes to explore this problem. Peter Conn in Finding a Voice in an New earth makes a statement regarding Hawthornes ambiguity Almost all of Hawthornes finest stories are remote in time or place. The glare of contemporary naive realism immobillized his imagination. He required shadows and half-light, and he sought a nervous equilibrium in ambiguity. . . . Where traditional allegory was secured in certitude, however, Hawthornes allegorical proceedings bring back only restlessness and doubt. The stable system of correspondences that tied allegorys images and ideas together was lodged squarely upon the religious orthodoxy that Hawthorne rejected. In his belated version of the sacramental world, the cogitate binding visible to spirit have become vexed and problematic. . . . The flickering, uncertain revelations offered by the physical world in Hawthorn es fiction allow simultaneously for confession and concealment, for discovery and disguise. This doubleness generates tensions that can be felt throughout Hawthornes work. . . . (82-84). R. W. B. Lewis in The Return into Rime Hawthorne mentions the ambiguity associated with the key imagery in Young Goodman Brown For Hawthorne, the forest was neither the proper home of the admirable Adam, as with Cooper nor was it the hideout of the malevolent adversary. . . . It was the ambiguous setting of moral choice. . . . (74-75). Henry pack in Hawthorne, when discussing Young Goodman Brown mentions how allegorical Hawthorne is, and how it is not clearly expressed with this author The only cases in which ... ...Lang, H.J.. How Ambiguous Is Hawthorne. In Hawthorne A Collection of small Essays, edited by A.N. Kaul. Englewood Cliffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966. Lewis, R. W. B. The Return into Time Hawthorne. In Hawthorne A Collection of Critical Essays, edited by A.N. Kaul. Englewood Cli ffs, NJ Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1966. Martin, Terence. Nathaniel Hawthorne. New York Twayne Publishers Inc., 1965. Melville, Hermann. Hawthorne and His Mosses. In The Norton Anthology American Literature, edited by Baym et al. New York W.W. Norton and Co., 1995. Nathaniel Hawthorne. The Norton Anthology American Literature, edited by Baym et al. New York W.W. Norton and Co., 1995. Wagenknecht, Edward. Nathaniel Hawthorne The Man, His Tales and Romances. New York Continuum Publishing Co., 1989.

Essay --

The United States of America has been considered the greatest country in the world. The US fuddle pristine living conditions, some of the most prestigious schools, and the worlds largest military. In 2012 the US spent 39% of the total amount of money spent on defense by every other country on there own defense (Anup). Yet just 40 years ago, the US preoccupied a war that they should have won. Why did we lose? How did an army of less than 1,000,000 beat the worlds largest superpower? One of the biggest reasons the US lost the war was the lack of support from back home. When President Eisenhower started sending troops and supplies to French soldiers, most Americans agreed with him. They believed Communism should be stopped at all(prenominal) costs. Most also believed that the war would end within the next five years. Over the next decade, Americans watched in horror as their beloved sons were killed at the pass on of the enemy. Some started protesting the war publicly. America wa s drastically changing during the Vietnam war. It was partly because of television. For the first time in history, Americans were able to see what it was like to be on a battlefield. This drastically changed most Americans opinion on wars. Many began questioning whether or not this war was actually necessary. Was it really worth the lives of countless young hands? Halfway around the globe, the fighting morale amongst the soldiers was drastically dropping. Many were drafted into the war and did not know how or want to fire a weapon. Some were rase against the war prior to their drafting. This did not make for a good group of soldiers. This did, however, make some very hateful and angry veterans. While there were many who did believe in fighting communism at any cost, others wan... .... While some of the men strongly believed in their cause, others saw the war as unnecessary. They believed that the US had no business in Vietnam, and did not understand why they were there. That coup led with the draft left a large group of very unmotivated soldiers (Free irradiation Star, Smith, Turner).Vietnam was the first war that congress allowed media to cover a war freely. It was the first war where we fought in a hot, steamy jungle, filled with intricate tunnel systems and spartan guerilla fighters. It was also the first war that involved an army that wasnt entirely in agreement with their cause. This was the first war where the public, as a majority, was against the war. Because of all these factors, one of the greatest countries in the history of the world was able to lose a war against a small communist band of rebels in Vietnam (Media, FLS, Smith, Turner).

Essay --

The United States of America has been considered the greatest solid ground in the field. The US have pristine living conditions, some of the most prestigious schools, and the worlds largest military. In 2012 the US spent 39% of the total amount of money spent on defense by every other country on there own defense (Anup). Yet just 40 years ago, the US lost a fight that they should have won. Why did we have? How did an army of less than 1,000,000 beat the worlds largest superpower? One of the biggest reasons the US lost the war was the lack of support from back home. When President Eisenhower started direct troops and supplies to French soldiers, most Americans agreed with him. They believed Communism should be stopped at all costs. Most also believed that the war would end within the beside five years. Over the next decade, Americans watched in horror as their beloved sons were killed at the hands of the enemy. Some started protesting the war publicly. America was drastically changing during the Vietnam war. It was part because of television. For the first time in history, Americans were able-bodied to see what it was like to be on a battlefield. This drastically changed most Americans opinion on wars. legion(predicate) began skeptical whether or not this war was actually necessary. Was it really worth the lives of countless young men? Halfway around the globe, the fighting morale amongst the soldiers was drastically dropping. M any(prenominal) were drafted into the war and did not know how or want to fire a weapon. Some were even against the war prior to their drafting. This did not make for a easily group of soldiers. This did, however, make some very hateful and angry veterans. While there were many who did believe in fighting communism at any cost, others wan... .... While some of the men strongly believed in their cause, others saw the war as unnecessary. They believed that the US had no business in Vietnam, and did not understand why they wer e there. That coupled with the draft left a large group of very unmotivated soldiers (Free Lance Star, Smith, Turner).Vietnam was the first war that congress allowed media to cover a war freely. It was the first war where we fought in a hot, steamy jungle, filled with intricate tunnel systems and dangerous guerilla fighters. It was also the first war that involved an army that wasnt entirely in agreement with their cause. This was the first war where the public, as a majority, was against the war. Because of all these factors, one of the greatest countries in the history of the world was able to lose a war against a small communist band of rebels in Vietnam (Media, FLS, Smith, Turner).

Fool Chapter 16

SIXTEENA STORM RISINGThe storm blew in during the night. I was have my breakfast in the kitchen when a row erupted in the courtyard. I heard Lear bellow and left to attend him, going away my porridge with Drool. Kent intercepted me in the corridor.So the elder serviceman lived through the night? state I.I slept at his door, state Kent. Where were you?Trying to see two princesses ruthlessly shagged and starting a civil war, convey you, and with no proper supper, neither.Fine feast, say Kent. Ate till I nearly burst just to see the king went unpoisoned. Who is bloody St. Stephen, anyway? wherefore I saw Oswald coming down the corridor.Good Kent, go see that the daughters dont kill the king, and that Cornwall(a) doesnt kill Edmund, and that the sisters dont kill each other, and if you can help it, dont kill anyone. Its as well early for killing.Kent hurried off as Oswald reached me.So, said Oswald, you lived through the night?Of course, why wouldnt I? I asked.Well, because I told C ornwall of your rendezvous with Regan and I expected him to run into you.Oh for fucks sake, Oswald, show a little guile, would you? The state of villainy in this castle is rubbish, what with Edmund being pleasant and you being straightforward. Whats next, Cornwall starts feeding orphans while bloody bluebirds fly extinct of his bum? Now, lets try it again, see if you can at least keep up a pretense of evil. Go.So, you lived through the night? said Oswald.Of course, why wouldnt I? I asked.Oh, no reason, I was worried about you.I clouted Oswald on the ear with Jones. No, you nitwit, Id never believe youre concerned for my welfare youre a right weasel, arent you?He made to reach for his sword and I hit his wrist a vicious blow with Joness stick end. The villain leapt back and rubbed his bruised wrist.Despite your incompetence, our agreement stands. I need you to consult with Edmund. Give him this letter from Regan. I handed him the letter Id written at first light. Regans hand was e asy to duplicate. She dotted her is with hearts. Dont break the seal, it professes her loyalty for him, except instructs him to show no outward affection for her. You must also caution him against showing any deference to your lady Goneril in front of Regan. And because I know the intrigue confuses you, let me map out your interest here. Edmund will dispatch your Lord Albany, thus releasing your lady to other affections, only so will we reveal to Cornwall that Edmund has cuckolded him with Regan, and the duke will dispatch the bastard, at which time, I will cast the love spell on Goneril, sending her into your own ferrety arms.You could be lying. I tried to have you killed. Why would you help me?Excellent question. First, I, unlike you, am non a villain, therefore I can be expected to operate with a modicum of integrity. And, second, I wish to visit revenge on Goneril for how she has treated me, her younger sister, Cordelia, and King Lear. I can think of no better punishment f or her than pairing her with the man-shaped tower of excrement that is yourself.Oh, thats reasonable, said Oswald.Off you go, whence. See that Edmund doesnt show deference.I might slay him myself, for violating my lady.No, you wont, youre a coward. Or had you forgotten?Oswald started to quiver then with anger, but he did not try to reach for his sword.Run along, mate, Pockets got a bumload of foolin yet to do.A randy hand of wind groped the courtyard, sending the sisters skirts tossing and snapping their hair in their faces. Kent crouched and clung to his great broad-brimmed hat to keep it from being carried away. The old king held his fur cape tight around him and squinted against the dust, while the Duke of Cornwall and Earl of Gloucester stood by the great gate for shelter the duke content, it seemed, to let his duchess do the talking. I was relieved to see that Edmund was not in attendance, so I danced into the courtyard, bells a-jingle, song in heart.Hi ho said I. Everyone g et a proper bonking for the Saturnalia, did they?The two sisters looked at me blankly, as if I might have been speaking Chinese or dog, and they had not, overnight, each received rousing repeated bonkings from an enormous donkey-donged nitwit. Gloucester looked down, embarrassed, I suppose, over abandoning his own pantheon for St. Stephen, and a wholly bollocks holy holiday feast. Cornwall sneered.Ah, said I. Then a crispy cookie baby Jesus cornu-bloody-copia of Christmas cheer, was it? Silent night, camels and wise men frankenstein, gold, and myrrh all around then?Sodding Christian harpies want to take away my knights, said Lear. Ive already lost half my train to you, Goneril, Ill not lose the rest.Oh, yes, sire, said I. Christianity is their fault. I forgot that the wind blew out of a pagan sky for you today.Regan stepped forward then, and yes, she was travel a bit bow-legged. Why do you need to keep fifty men, Father? Weve plenty of servants to tend to you. And, said Goneril, they will be under our charge, so there will be no discord within the walls of our homes.Im of my sisters mind on this, said Regan.Youre always of your sisters mind, said Lear. An original thought would crack your wearied skull like a thunderbolt, you craven vulture.Thats the spirit, sire, said I. Treat them like bins of used nappies and watch them come around. A wonder theyve turned out so bewitching with fathering of that quality.Take them, then, you flesh-tearing harpies Would that I could drag your mother from her tomb and accuse her of most grievous adultery, for you cannot be issue from my loins and treat me so.I nodded and lay my forefront on Gonerils shoulder. Evidently the adultery comes from Mums side of the family, pumpkin the bitterness and stunning bosoms are from Papa.She pushed me aside, despite my wisdom.Lear was losing all control now, trembling as he shouted impotently at his daughters, looking weaker and more slight with every word. Hear me, gods If it be you that stir these daughters hearts against their father, then touch me with noble anger, and stain not my mans cheeks with womens weapons, the water drops.Those arent tears on your cheeks, nuncle, said I. Its raining.Gloucester and Cornwall looked away, embarrassed for the old man. Kent had his hands on the kings shoulders and was trying to lead him gently out of the rain. Lear shrugged him off and stormed up to his daughters.You touched hags I will have such revenges on you both that the world er, I will do such things that I dont even know yet, but they will be horrible the very terrors of the earth But Ill not weep Ill not. Even if my heart shall break into a hundred thousand shards, I shall not weep. O fool, I shall go madAye, nuncle, smashing good start youre off to. I tried to put an arm around Lears shoulders, but he elbowed me away.Rescind your orders, harpies, or I shall leave this house. He made for the great gate.It is for your own good, Father, said Goneril. Now, cease this ranting and come inside.I gave you all screeched Lear, waving a palsied claw at Regan.And you took your bloody time giving it, too, you senile old fuck, said Regan.She came up with that one all on her own, nuncle, said I, looking on the bright side.I will go, threatened Lear, some other step toward the gate. Im not having you on. Ill head right out that door.Pity, said Goneril.Shame, really, said Regan.Here I go. Right out that gate. Never to return. All alone.Ta, said Goneril.Au revoir, said Regan, in nearly perfect fucking French.I smashed it. The old man was actually through the gate now.Close it, said Regan.But, lady, its not fit for man nor beast out there, said Gloucester.Fucking coterminous it said Goneril. She ran forward and pushed the great iron lever by the gatehouse with all her might. The heavy, iron-clad portcullis slammed down, the points just missing the old king as they set in the ports a foot deep in the stone.Ill go, said Lear, through the grate. Dont thi nk I wont.The sisters left the courtyard for the shelter of the castle. Cornwall followed them and called for Gloucester to come along.But this storm, said Gloucester, watching his old friend through the bars. No one should be out in this storm.He brought it on himself, said Cornwall. Now, come along, good Gloucester.Gloucester pulled himself away from the grate and followed Cornwall into the castle, leaving just Kent and me standing in the rain in only our woolen cloaks. Kent looked tortured over the old mans fate.Hes alone, Pocket. Its not even noon and the sky is as dark as midnight. Lear is outside and alone.Oh buggering bugger, said I. I looked at the chains leading up to the top of the gatehouse, the beams that protruded from the walls, the crenellations at the top to protect the archers. Damn the anchoress and Belette for my monkey-training as an acrobat. Ill go with him. But you have to hide Drool from Edmund. Talk to the laundress with the smashing knockers, shell help. She fancies the lad, no matter what she says.Ill go get help to crank up the gate, said Kent.Not to worry. You look after the Natural, and watch your back for Edmund and Oswald. Ill return with the old man when I can. And with that I shoved Jones down the back of my jerkin, ran and leapt onto the massive chain, spidered up it hand over hand, swung up onto one of the beams that protruded from the stone above, then hopped from beam to beam until I could find a handhold in the stone and scurried up another story to the top of the wall. Sorry sodding fortress, I shouted to Kent with a wave. In a wink I was over the wall and down the drawbridge chains on the other side to the ground below.The old man was already at the gates of the walled village, nearly disappearing amid the rain, tottering out onto the heath in his fur cape, looking like an ancient sodden rat.

Foundation and Empire 5. The War Begins

From the radiating point of Siwenna, the take ups of the Empire reached turn out cautiously into the black un have it awayn of the Periphery. Giant moves passed the vast distances that separated the vagrant stars at the Galaxys rim, and tangle their way around the outermost edge of Foundation influence.Worlds isolated in their new barbarism of two centuries felt the sensation once again of Imperial eachplacelords upon their soil. Allegiance was sworn in the face of the massive artillery covering capital cities.Garrisons were left garrisons of men in Imperial uniform with the Space charge-and-Sun insignia upon their shoulders. The aging men took nonice and remembe rosy-cheeked once again the forgotten tales of their grandfathers fathers of the times when the universe was big, and rich, and stopful and that same Space get off-and-Sun ruled all.Then the great ships passed on to weave their distri plainlyion channel of for contendd bases further around the Foundation. And as each service serviceman was knotted into its proper place in the fabric, the report went back to Bel Riose at the universal Headquarters he had established on the rocky barrenness of a wandering sunless jut outet.Now Riose relaxed and smiled grimly at Ducem Barr. Well, what do you think, soft?I? Of what value are my popular opinions? I am not a array man. He took in with hotshot wearily distasteful glance the crowded trouble oneself of the rock-bound room which had been carved out of the wall of a cavern of artificial air, light, and heat which marked the single bubble of life in the vastness of a bleak orbit.For the help I could bind you, he muttered, or would want to give you, you might return me to Siwenna.Not yet. Not yet. The general glum his soften to the comer which held the huge, brilliantly-transparent sp present(predicate) that mapped the senile Imperial prefect of Anacreon and its neighboring sectors. Later, when this is over, you will go back to your books and to more. Ill see to it that the estates of your family are restored to you and to your children for the rest of time.Thank you, verbalise Barr, with faint irony, plainly I lack your faith in the happy outcome of all this.Riose laughed harshly, Dont start your prophetic croakings again. This map speaks louder than all your woeful theories. He caressed its curved infrared outline gently. Can you read a map in radial projection? You can? Well, present, see for yourself. The stars in g senior represent the Imperial territories. The red stars are those in subjection to the Foundation and the pink are those which are probably within the economic sphere of influence. Now watch-Rioses hand covered a rounded knob, and slowly an area of hard, w take awaye pinpoints changed into a deepening blue. Like an inverted cup they folded about(predicate) the red and the pink.Those blue stars mother been taken over by my forces, said Riose with quiet satisfaction, and they still advance. No o pposition has appeared anywhere. The barbarians are quiet. And particularly, no opposition has come from Foundation forces. They sleep peacefully and well.You spread your force thinly, dont you? asked Barr.As a matter of fact, said Riose, despite appearances, I dont. The key points which I garrison and fortify are relatively few, but they are guardedly chosen. The result is that the force expended is small, but the strategic result great. There are many advantages, more than would ever appear to anyone who hasnt made a careful field of study of spatial tactics, but it is apparent to anyone, for instance, that I can base an attack from any point in an inclosing sphere, and that when I am finished it will be impossible for the Foundation to attack at flank or rear. I shall have no flank or rear with respect to them.This strategy of the forward Enclosure has been tried before, notably in the campaigns of Loris VI, some two thousand years ago, but eer imperfectly always with the po pulateledge and attempted onus of the enemy. This is different.The ideal textbook case? Barrs voice was languid and indifferent.Riose was impatient, You still think my forces will fail?They must.You take care that there is no case in military tarradiddle where an Enclosure has been completed that the attacking forces have not eventually won, except where an out positioning Navy exists in sufficient force to break the Enclosure.If you dictate so.And you still adhere to your faith.Yes.Riose shrugged. Then do so.Barr allowed the angry silence to continue for a moment, and so asked quietly, Have you received an answer from the Emperor?Riose removed a cigarette from a wall container behind his head, placed a filter tip between his lips and puffed it aflame carefully. He said, You fuddled my request for reinforcements? It came, but thats all. Just the answer.No ships.None. I half(a)-expected that. Frankly, patrician, I should never have allowed myself to be stampeded by your theori es into requesting them in the first place. It puts me in a false light.Does it?Definitely. Ships are at a premium. The civil wars of the last two centuries have smashed up more than half of the Grand Fleet and whats left is in pretty weak condition. You know it isnt as if the ships we gird these days are worth anything. I dont think theres a man in the Galaxy today who can build a first-rate hypernuclear motor.I knew that, said the Siwennian. His eyes were thoughtful and introspective. I didnt know that you knew it. So his Imperial Majesty can spare no ships. Psychohistory could have predicted that in fact, it probably did. I should say that Hari Seldons dead hand wins the opening round.Riose answered sharply, I have enough ships as it is. Your Seldon wins nothing. Should the situation turn more serious, then more ships will be available. As yet, the Emperor does not know all the story.Indeed? What havent you told him?Obviously your theories. Riose looked sardonic. The story is, with all respect to you, inherently improbable. If developments mug if events supply me with proof, then, but only then, would I make out the case of mortal danger.And in addition, Riose drove on, casually, the story, unbolstered by fact, has a flavor of lese majeste that could scarcely be pleasant to His Imperial Majesty.The old patrician smiled. You mean that telling him his august throne is in danger of subversion by a parcel of bedevil barbarians from the ends of the universe is not a warning to be believed or appreciated. Then you expect nothing from him.Unless you count a special envoy as something.And wherefore a special envoy?Its an old custom. A direct representative of the crown is present on every military campaign which is under disposal auspices.Really? Why?Its a method of preserving the symbol of personal Imperial leadership in all campaigns. Its gained a secondary function of insuring the fidelity of generals. It doesnt always succeed in that respect.Youll find th at inconvenient, general. Extraneous authority, I mean.I dont doubt that, Riose reddened faintly, but it cant be helped-The receiver at the generals hand glowed warmly, and with an unobtrusive jar, the cylindered communicating popped into its slot. Riose unrolled it, Good This is itDucem Barr raised a mildly questioning eyebrow.Riose said, You know weve captured one of these Trader people. Alive and with his ship intact.Ive heard talk of it.Well, theyve just brought him in, and well have him here in a minute. You keep your seat, patrician. I want you here when Im questioning him. Its why I asked you here today in the first place. You may understand him where I might miss important points.The door signal sounded and a touch of the generals toe swung the door wide. The man who stood on the threshold was tall and bearded, wore a short coat of a soft, leathery plastic, with an attached hood shoved back on his neck. His hands were free, and if he noticed the men about him were armed, he did not trouble to indicate it.He stepped in casually, and looked about with calculating eyes. He favored the general with a rudimentary wave of the hand and a half nod.Your name? demanded Riose, crisply.Lathan Devers. The monger hooked his thumbs into his wide and gaudy belt. Are you the boss here?You are a trader of the Foundation?Thats right. Listen, if youre the boss, youd better tell your engage men here to lay off my cargo.The general raised his head and regarded the prisoner coldly. Answer questions. Do not volunteer orders.All right. Im agreeable. But one of your boys blasted a two- origination hole in his chest already, by sticking his fingers where he wasnt supposed to.Riose shifted his gaze to the lieutenant in charge. Is this man telling the verity? Your report, Vrank, had it that no lives were lost.None were, sir, the lieutenant talk stiffly, apprehensively, at the time. There was later some disposition to search the ship, there having arisen a rumor that a char w as aboard. Instead, sir, many instruments of unknown nature were located, instruments which the prisoner claims to be his stock in trade. One of them flashed on handling, and the soldier holding it died.The general turned back to the trader. Does your ship carry nuclear explosives?Galaxy, no. What for? That fool grabbed a nuclear puncher, wrong end forward and set at maximum dispersion. Youre not supposed to do that. Might as well point a neut-gun at your head. Id have stopped him, if five men werent sitting on my chest.Riose gestured at the waiting guard, You go. The captured ship is to he sealed against all intrusion. Sit atomic reactor, Devers.The trader did so, in the spot indicated, and withstood stolidly the hard scrutiny of the Imperial general and the curious glance of the Siwennian patrician.Riose said, Youre a sensible man, Devers.Thank you. Are you impressed by my face, or do you want something? Tell you what, though. Im a good business man.Its about the same thing. You surrendered your ship when you might have decided to waste our ammunition and have yourself blown to electron-dust. It could result in good treatment for you, if you continue that sort of outlook on life.Good treatment is what I mostly crave, boss.Good, and co-operation is what I mostly crave. Riose smiled, and said in a low aside to Ducem Barr, I hope the word crave heart and soul what I think it does. Did you ever hear such a barbarous jargon?Devers said blandly, Right. I check you. But what kind of co-operation are you talk about, boss? To tell you straight, I dont know where I stand. He looked about him, Wheres this place, for instance, and whats the idea?Ah, Ive neglected the other half of the introductions. I apologize. Riose was in good humor. That serviceman is Ducem Barr, Patrician of the Empire. I am Bel Riose, Peer of the Empire, and General of the Third Class in the armed forces of His Imperial Majesty.The traders jaw slackened. Then, The Empire? I mean the old Empir e they taught us about at school? Huh Funny I always had the sort of notion that it didnt exist any more.Look about you. It does, said Riose grimly.Might have known it though, and Lathan Devers pointed his beard at the ceiling. That was a mightily polished-looking set of craft that took my tub. No kingdom of the Periphery could have turned them out. His brow furrowed. So whats the game, boss? Or do I call you general?Me game is war.Empire versus Foundation, that it?Right.Why?I think you know why.The trader stared sharply and shook his head.Riose let the other deliberate, then said softly, Im sure you know why.Lathan Devers muttered, Warm here, and stood up to remove his hooded jacket. Then he sat go across again and stretched his legs out before him.You know, he said, comfortably, I figure youre thinking I ought to jump up with a whoop and lay about me. I can catch you before you could move if I choose my time, and this old fellow who sits there and doesnt say anything couldnt do much to stop me.But you wont, said Riose, confidently.I wont, agreed Devers, amiably. First off, killing you wouldnt stop the war, I suppose. There are more generals where you came from.Very accurately calculated.Besides which, Id probably be slammed down about two seconds after I got you, and killed fast, or maybe slow, depending. But Id be killed, and I never interchangeable to count on that when Im making plans. It doesnt be off.I said you were a sensible man.But theres one thing I would like, boss. Id like you to tell me what you mean when you say I know why youre jumping us. I dont and guessing games bother me no end.Yes? Ever hear of Hari Seldon?No. I said I dont like guessing games.Riose flicked a side glance at Ducem Barr who smiled with a narrow gentleness and resumed his inwardly-dreaming expression.Riose said with a grimace, Dont you play games, Devers. There is a tradition, or a fable, or sober history I dont care what upon your Foundation, that eventually you will f ound the Second Empire. I know quite a detailed version of Hari Seldons psychohistorical claptrap, and your eventual plans of aggression against the Empire.That so? Devers nodded thoughtfully. And who told you all that?Does that matter? said Riose with dangerous smoothness. Youre here to question nothing. I want what you know about the Seldon Fable.But if its a Fable-Dont play with words, Devers.Im not. In fact, Ill give it to you straight. You know all I know about it. Its silly stuff, half-baked. Every world has its yams you cant keep it away from them. Yes, Ive heard that sort of talk Seldon, Second Empire, and so on. They put kids to sleep at night with the stuff. The young squirts curl up in the spare rooms with their pocket projectors and suck up Seldon thrillers. But its purely non-adult. Nonintelligent adult, anyway. The trader shook his head.The Imperial generals eyes were dark. Is that really so? You waste your lies, man. Ive been on the planet, Terminus. I know your Foun dation. Ive looked it in the face.And you ask me? Me, when I havent kept foot on it for two months at a piece in ten years. You are wasting your time. But go ahead with your war, if its fables youre after.And Barr spoke for the first time, mildly, You are so confident then that the Foundation will win?The trader turned. He flushed faintly and an old scar on one synagogue showed whitely, Hm-m-m, the silent partner. Howd you squeeze that out of what I said, doc?Riose nodded very slightly at Barr, and the Siwennian continued in a low voice, Because the notion would bother you if you thought your world might lose this war, and suffer the bitter reapings of defeat, I know. My world once did, and still does.Lathan Devers fumbled his beard, looked from one of his opponents to the other, then laughed shortly. Does he always talk like that, boss? Listen, he grew serious, whats defeat? Ive seen wars and Ive seen defeats. What if the winner does take over? Whos bothered? Me? Guys like me? He shook his head in derision.Get this, the trader spoke forcefully and earnestly, there are five or six fat slobs who usually run an average planet. They get the rabbit punch, but Im not losing peace of mind over them. See. The people? The ordinary run of guys? Sure, some get killed, and the rest pay extra taxes for a while. But it settles itself out it runs itself down. And then its the old situation again with a different five or six.Ducem Barrs nostrils flared, and the tendons of his old right hand jerked but he said nothing.Lathan Devers eyes were on him. They mixed-up nothing. He said, Look. I spend my life in space for my five-and-dime gadgets and my beer-and-pretzel kickback from the Combines. Theres fat fellows back there, his thumb jerked over his shoulder and back, that sit home and collect my years income every minute out of skimmings from me and more like me. Suppose you run the Foundation. Youll still need us. Youll need us more than ever the Combines do because youd n ot know your way around, and we could bring in the hard cash. Wed make a better deal with the Empire. Yes, we would and Im a man of business. If it adds up to a plus mark, Im for it.And he stared at the two with sardonic belligerence.The silence remained unbroken for minutes, and then a cylinder rattled into its slot. The general flipped it open, glanced at the neat printing and in-circuited the visuals with a sweep.Prepare plan indicating position of each ship in action. Await orders on full-armed defensive.He reached for his cape. As he fastened it about his shoulders, he whispered in a stiff-lipped monotone to Barr, Im leaving this man to you. Ill expect results. This is war and I can be cruel to failures. Remember He left, with a salute to both.Lathan Devers looked after him, Well, somethings hit him where it hurts. What goes on?A battle, obviously, said Barr, gruffly. The forces of the Foundation are coming out for their first battle. Youd better come along.There were armed sol diers in the room. Their bearing was reverential and their faces were hard. Devers followed the proud old Siwennian patriarch out of the room.The room to which they were led was smaller, barer. It contained two beds, a visi-screen, and shower and sanitary facilities. The soldiers marched out, and the thick door boomed hollowly shut.Hmp? Devers stared disapprovingly about. This looks permanent.It is, said Barr, shortly. The old Siwennian turned his back.The trader said irritably, Whats your game, doc?I have no game. Youre in my charge, thats all.The trader rose and advanced. His bulk towered over the unmoving patrician. Yes? But youre in this cell with me and when you were marched here the guns were pointed just as hard at you as at me. Listen, you were all boiled up about my notions on the subject of war and peace.He waited fruitlessly, All fight, let me ask you something. You said your country was licked once. By whom? Comet people from the outer nebulae?Barr looked up. By the Emp ire.That so? Then what are you doing here?Barr maintained an eloquent silence.The trader thrust out a lower lip and nodded his head slowly. He slipped off the flat-linked bracelet that hugged his fight wrist and held it out. What do you think of that? He wore the mate to it on his left.The Siwennian took the ornament. He responded slowly to the traders gesture and put it on. The odd tingling at the wrist passed away quickly.Devers voice changed at once. Right, doc, youve got the action now. Just speak casually. If this room is wired, they wont get a thing. Thats a Field Distorter youve got there genuine Mallow design. Sells for twenty-five credits on any world from here to the outer rim. You get it free. Hold your lips still when you talk and take it easy. Youve got to get the trick of it.Ducem Barr was suddenly weary. The traders boring eyes were luminous and urging. He felt unequal to their demands.Barr said, What do you want? The words slurred from between unmoving lips.Ive told you. You make mouth noises like what we call a patriot. Yet your own world has been mashed up by the Empire, and here you are playing ball with the Empires fair-haired general. Doesnt make sense, does it?Barr said, I have done my part. A conquering Imperial viceroy is dead because of me.That so? Recently?Forty years ago.Forty years ago The words seemed to have meaning to the trader. He frowned, Thats a long time to live on memories. Does that young squirt in the generals uniform know about it?Barr nodded.Devers eyes were dark with thought. You want the Empire to win?And the old Siwennian patrician broke out in sudden deep anger, May the Empire and all its works perish in universal catastrophe. All Siwenna prays that daily. I had brothers once, a sister, a father. But I have children now, grandchildren. The general knows where to find them.Devers waited.Barr continued in a whisper, But that would not stop me if the results in view warranted the risk. They would know how to die.The tr ader said gently, You killed a viceroy once, huh? You know, I recognize a few things. We once had a mayor, Hober Mallow his name was. He visited Siwenna thats your world, isnt it? He met a man named Barr.Ducem Barr stared hard, suspiciously. What do you know of this?What every trader on the Foundation knows. You might be a smart old fellow put in here to get on my right side. Sure, theyd point guns at you, and youd hate the Empire and be all-out for its smashing. Then Id fall all over you and pour out my heart to you, and wouldnt the general be pleased. Theres not much chance of that, doc.But just the same Id like to have you prove that youre the son of Onum Barr of Siwenna the sixth and youngest who get away the massacre.Ducem Barrs hand shook as he opened the flat metal box in a wall recess. The metal object he withdrew clanked softly as he thrust it into the traders hands. Look at that, he said.Devers stared. He held the swollen central link of the chain close to his eyes and s wore softly. Thats Mallows monogram, or Im a space-struck rookie, and the design is fifty years old if its a day.He looked up and smiled.Shake, doc. A man-sized nuclear shield is all the proof I need, and he held out his large hand.

Understanding Self and Others

After watching the motion picture crash a couple of times, I decided to mainly focus on Anthony who is played by Ludacris, who is an African American car thief. I felt that Anthony was a good character to choose for this character analysis because in my judgement he is the one character who had one view at the beginning of the movie, and by the end his views attended to tot whollyy turn around. He was a very sterile man. Anthonys view of passel from a nonher colour, race, gender or economic cl cornerstone was strongly offensive, he assumed that white people were al counsels racialist towards shadowys. Did you see any white people waiting an hour and a half for spaga leadti(Haggis, 2004) Anthony was under the impression that although the waitress was smuggled, she saw that they were desolate and were not passing to tip. Anthonys views of any otherwise race they his own, is very negative, but in his eyes African American people should all stick together, and neer go against each other. Bias is not a bad word. Biases is an attitude or belief- its not until we act it out in behaviour that our bias affects someone else- it may advantage or disadvantage an individual or a group( Valenti, 2011).I felt that Anthony was very bias to cultures outside of his own, he was very stereotypical, with that be said, I would consider him to have a very negative attitude towards others with a different racial background. She got colder as soon as she saw us (Haggis, 2004), this was said by Anthony after noticing that jean linked girds with her husband. Anthony just jumped to a conclusion that just because she was a white girl, she grabbed her husbands arm to protect her from the black men. I mobilize he is very self conscious and studys that everyone has racial book of facts Analysis 3 iscrimination towards him. this white women sees two black abuses who look like ucla students strolling down the sidewalk and her reaction is blind fear( Haggis, 2004). He is ver y bias, because if instead of it having been Jean and her husband walking down the street, if it was Christine and her husband, I am highly sure that he would not of made those comments that he did, after all that being said, he decided to steal theyre motor truck anyways, just because they were white, and assumed racial discrimination.When Anthony communicated with others he was the one being racist, and he assumed people made decisions based on their race. A perfect ideal of that is when he was talking to his friend Peter who is black, but is not African American like himself. Anthony No, no, no, take that voodoo-ass thing off of there redress promptly Peter I know you just didnt call St. Christopher voodoo. Mans the patron saint of travelers, dog. Anthony You had a conversation with God, huh? What did God say? Go forth, my son, and appropriate big slobbery suction rings on every dashboard you find? Why the hell do you do that?Peter Look at the way your crazy ass drive, then ask me that again (IMDB, 1990) Although throughout the whole movie Peter was Anthonys best buddy, and he was always with him, he still did not consider in what Peter believed in, he made fun of Peter because he wanted to coiffe a statue of a Saint on the dashboard of the truck that was STOLEN, from the married couple. Anthony talks to others as if they are always incorrect or stupid. Anthony That waitress sized us up in two seconds. Were black and black people dont Character Analysis 4 tip. So she wasnt gonna waste her time.Now somebody like that? Nothing you can do to change their mind. Peter So, uh how much did you leave? Anthony You expect me to pay for that kind of service? (IMDB,1990). This is another good example of how he interacts with others, he thinks everyone looks down to him, at the beginning of the movie he declared that all black people stick together, but after going to a restaurant and getting this poor service from a black waitress, he still finds away to turn it around as if people were hating on him because he is black, and took it into his own hands and decided to walk out without paying.He made it seem like he got poor service because he did not tip, but maybe the waitress was the solitary(prenominal) one working and was extremely busy? , No according to Anthony everyone he interacts with his racist. In the beginning of the movie Anthony came out as a stuck up black man that was always right, and never wrong. He lived by the motto Black people stick with theyre own kind . His friend on the other hand took into consideration of others, and tried to help Anthony agnize but he was too stubborn.In the beginning of the movie, Peter and Anthony had no way of getting around so Peter waved down the bus, for them to take Anthony was shook by the fact and said you have no idea why they sick them big windows on sides of buses do you? Peter was curious was to why Anthony thought they put big windows on buses, any other person would just know th ey are there just to let some natural lighting in the bus, and to open windows on warm days, but Anthony stated One reason save, to humiliate the people of colour who are reduced to riding on them. Anthony again assuming that only coloured people are meant to ride the bus and the Character Analysis 5 reason windows are on buses is so that people could look inside and laugh at them. Later on in the movie Peter and Anthony ran over a china man and Anthony wanted to honk the Chinese man, and drive away. Peter then explained to Anthony how if they left him laying on the ground there was a high possibility that he would die. Anthony then began to understand, so they provided him for him and pulled him out from under the truck. Later on in the movie, Anthony was then seen riding on the bus.It goes to show that his attitudes in the beginning of the movie did not reflect who is was burn up the end. He slowly began to realize that not everybody was against him because he was black. A spec ific scenery that really caught my attention is when Anthony took the Chinese mans truck and brought it to the browse to get cleaned up, and then cognize there were a bunch of Asians in the back of the truck that had been locked up for only God knows how long, The man at the cheat on offered Anthony 500$ a body, and he decided to turn down the offer, and bring them into the city. He then gave money to one of them to go buy everybody chop suey.I open that very positive of him to do, which really showed that there was a turning point from him, and he started to see situations in a more mature manner. I think the character that I feel I can relate to best is Jean Cabot. I think that I relate to her most is because when I was young, I was at my grandmothers house who lives in Jane and Finch, where the majority of the population is coloured people, and I heard a bang and just assumed it was a bang from a gunman, and I went crazy and blamed it all on black people because they all ha ve guns. I was then freaking out and made my grandmother ock all the doors, and whenever I seen a black person I would hide in fear. The scene where Jean was still in shock from her truck being stolen, and Daniel the Character Analysis 6 Latino was changing her lock, she freaked out on her husband because of his appearance, and assumed that he was a gang member, when really he was an innocent guy who changes locks for a living. I feel that I relate a lot to her also because, I have had many people turn their backs on me when I need them most, and the one person you never thought you would rely on turns out to be your greatest friend ever.Me and Jean seem to judge a book by its cover, when it is not the cover that is important, its the information written in the book that is important. A few scenes that had a strong reaction from me was right in the beginning of the movie, when Jean and her husband were so innocent walking down the sidewalk, not causing any harm and Anthony and Peter noticed Jean link arms with her husband and they just assumed they did that because they were black, so they then decided to steal their truck for absolutely no reason.It is so scary to think that black people think like that, it makes me wonder, if I am ever in public and I decide to hold on to my boyfriends arm, and a black person seems to notice, does that mean my life is in danger? Another scene from the movie that evoked a strong reaction from me was when Officer Ryan pulled over Christine and her African husband for literally nothing, and he disgustingly physically put his hands on her in ways an officer should never until now think of.This scene had me worried and disgusted at the same time, it also worries me because if I was ever put in a situation like that I am not sure as to what I would exactly do, would I open my mouth to him knowing he has a gun attached to his belt? or would I just accept the fact that a dirty pig just offended me physically. When Daniel was trying to fix the store proprietors lock, he tried to explain to him in Character Analysis 7 a calm manner that in order to fix the lock he needed to change the door, and the store owner didnt believe him, he was constantly calling Daniel a liar nd a cheater, and was saying that Daniel was trying to steal his money. It made me upset because Farhad was only saying that he was a cheater and a liar because of his appearance, when really Daniel is an innocent guy who works hard for his money, and just because he has tattoos people get the wrong impression. I was so upset at the scene where the store owner showed up at Daniels house with the intention to shoot him without even confronting him of the situation, but when his daughter Laura ran out to save her daddy, Farhad then decided to shoot, with the impression that he shot the little girl it got my eyes to water.I was then relieved that the gun had blank bullets and did not harm either of them. The scene that I felt very offended by was whe n the man in the shop offered Anthony 500$ a person for the innocent Asians that were found at the back of the truck, why would this man want innocent Asians for, I am so proud of Anthony that he realized that money was not the only thing in the world, and he allowed the Asians to experience life outside of the truck that they probably thought they would never see again.This movie has changed my perceptive of others because of the fact that in this movie there were so many different stereotypes and so many people being judge because of their race. I was never really aware of the types of discrimination that went on in the world until actually watching this movie, it really opened up my eyes. It is not fair to be set based on your race, everybody was put on this earth to do the same thing, there is no reason that someone should be discriminated.It really broke my nervus at some of the Character Analysis 8 situations that occurred in the movie, I almost couldnt handle them. Sometime s we are to blind to see how a silly little comment can affect somebody so much, and really hurt theyre feelings. This movie really changed my look on other cultures, I realize that everyone is equally the same. I am happy that Anthony realized that not only coloured people take the bus and he put his pride aside and actually rode the bus, because in eality the bus is for anybody, there is no such thing as he does this because he is black or she is only good at doing that because she is Spanish. It is very important to keep in mind other peoples feelings, imagine being the only white person in a class of majority colour people, would you want to be treated like the outsider? Or did you want to be treated the exact same way as the other 23 people in the classroom.

Energy from Waste

Energy FROM WASTE ( EfW )IntroductionEnergy from licentiousness is a construct that is going more(prenominal) applicable to society as the general consciousness of zip fastener efficiency and waste direction additions in the public sphere. It merely means that waste generated from families, industries and commercialism is employ to bring forth energy in the signifier of heating system, transport furnishs like Diesel and electricity. The EfW procedure can make energy from different types of waste utilizing a assortment of engineerings includingResidual waste which is waste which can non be economic tout ensembley or practically reused or recycled and is normally subjected to thermal intervention like incineration, suckification or pyrolysis.Biodegradable waste like nutrient waste and sludge which can be decomposed by the action of microorganism which is normally used in Anaerobic Digestion ( AD ) workss.The fellate HierarchyThe preferable order in which waste must be managed is called the waste hierarchy. The most good option to the environment is to forestall waste, nevertheless, this is however possible in the current socio-economic context. The following best thing is to recycle, and so recycle. After which other recovery methods like EfW may be applied earlier eventually any waste is disposed in a belt downfill.The Waste Hierarchy is a legal demand of the European Union ( EU ) Waste Framework Directive. It means that waste can merely be presented to the EfW procedure if it can non be efficaciously managed through reuse and recycling. In consequence, merely waste edge for the landfill sites can be redirected to any of the EfW procedures.EfW or Landfill?Although both energy generated from waste recovery and landfills release C into the ambiance in the signifier of C dioxide, their possible impact on clime alteration through planetary heating vary greatly. This is because landfill sites besides release methane into the ambiance, of which it has been proven that methane is about 25 quantify more detrimental than C dioxide.The United Kingdom authorities has established a Climate Change Act to lawfully implement its committedness to bring down down its nursery gases ( GHG ) emanations by 80 per centum by 2050, comp ard to degrees in the basal twelvemonth of 1990. This statute law is now besides one of the drive forces lavatory the consumption of EfW methodological analysiss, as they have been recognised as feasible agencies of cut downing GHG emanations. Due to less detrimental emanations from EfW procedures, they have been placed higher(prenominal) in the Waste Hierarchy than fain waste in landfill sites.Energy from Residual WasteResidual waste is a mixture of different things including plastics, and from things that ar late turning and are biodegradable such as nutrient, paper, wood, etc. This is why residuary waste is sometimes referred to as partly renewable energy beginning or low C energy beginning as opposed to fossil fuels which have been belowground for 1000000s of old ages therefore are regarded as non-renewable energy beginning.The most common thermic method for let go ofing energy from residuary waste is incineration. Although Advanced Thermal Treatments ( ATT ) such as gasification and pyrolysis are in usage, their consumption is more limited due to be and ATTs tend to be used in smaller sites.The incineration method merely allows the hot gases produced to be used to boil H2O which so releases steam clean to turn a steam turbine that generates electricity and/or heat. However, ATTs can in add-on to bring forthing steam to turn turbines make a mixture of compounds such as gases or oils that can be cleaned and burned straight in gas engines or turbines or converted to man-made natural gas or conveyance fuels.Residual waste may be capable to pre-treatments to pull out more recyclables and divulge both the calorific value ( CV ) and biogenic content of the waste. The more common types of pre- treatments include mechanical sorting, mechanical biologic intervention ( MBT ) and mechanical heat intervention ( MHT ) . Pre-treatments by and large take recyclates, wet and homogenize the waste into what may be termed refuse derived fuel ( RDF ) or solid recovered fuel ( SRF ) . Finally MBT can be used to take biogenic stuff that can be sent to AD works to retrieve energy.The EU industrial Emissions Directive has set really low degrees of emanations that may be released from EfW workss, and besides encourages environmentally friendly runing conditions within EfW workss such as flue gas clean-up which ensures that gas pollutants and particulates are removed before emanations are released into the ambiance. These have ensured that EfW workss are a low beginning of environmental pollution.Energy from Anaerobic DigestionAnaerobic Digestion ( AD ) is a of course happening procedure where microorganism interrupt down organic affair, in the absence of O to bring forth biogas and digest ate. The biogas is a mixture of C dioxide and methane while the digestate is a nitrogen-rich fertilizer. The biogas can be used to raise steam and burned straight in Combined Heat and Power ( CHP ) Plants or fomite Combustion Engines ( VCE ) to let go of energy. The digestate provides a renewable beginning of fertilizer which helps to replace lost foods from agricultural lands. It is besides a really good scandal conditioner. AD engineering has been in topographic point for up to one hundred old ages, nevertheless, it is merely late that it has started to utilize non-sewage sludge wastes such as purpose-grown harvests and nutrient waste as feedstock.There are a myriad of AD engineerings including dry or wet mesophilic or thermophilic and individual or multi-stage digester. In dry AD, the digestion procedure takes topographic point from waste in its solid signifier while in wet AD, the waste is foremost converted into a mush. Mesophilic AD involves the usage of bacteriums that thri ve best at 35C to 40C of temperature while thermophilic method uses bacteriums that can be active at 55C to 60C. A single-stage digester have all biological reactions occur in a individual reactor or armored rubbish vehicle while a multi-stage digester use several armored combat vehicles to optimize the bacterial reaction.It is more advantageous to divide out biogenic waste and send to an AD works instead than holding it as raft of residuary waste. The ground being that digestate from residuary waste intervention can non be used as fertiliser replacing on agricultural land because it may hold contaminations from assorted waste and it would be wasteful to execute the series of trial required to run into the quality of digestate from an AD works.Crops grown specifically for AD are non considered as waste, therefore merely AD workss that use sewerage sludge and biogenic waste as feedstock are considered as EfW workss.THE proximity PRINCIPLEThis rule supports the thought that waste m ust be processed every bit near as it is possible to where it was generated. This is to guarantee that one alliance is non taking on waste produced by another and advance the rules of autonomy in waste direction. However, it may be possible to utilize a more distant works where it is the best operable environmental option ( BPEO ) .Emission FROM EfWEnergy from waste workss that use assorted thermic engineerings contribute a really little fraction of particulate and other emanations due to really rigorous bounds imposed by the EU under the Industrial Emissions Directive ( IED ) 2010.In order to run into these bounds such EfW workss must cut down emanations by using the most environmentally friendly burning techniques, take all harmful gases and particulates such as heavy metals before release into the ambiance.MentionsDepartment for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs ( Defra ) ( 2013 ) , Energy from Waste A usher to the argument. open from hypertext beam protocol //www.gov.uk/gov ernment/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/284612/pb14130-energy-waste-201402.pdf Accessed 05 March 2014 Department of Energy and Climate Change ( n.d ) , Anaerobic Digestion Strategy and Action Plan. Available from hypertext transfer protocol //www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/69400/anaerobic-digestion-strat-action-plan.pdf Accessed 05 March 2014

Oedipus complex in “Sons and lovers” by D.H. Lawrence Essay

ABSTRACT_This paper discusses some Oedipus heterogeneous in the life of the main extension as reflected in D.H. Lawrence sons and chi waders a psychological approach. The objectives of the learning be to explain Oedipus obscure in the life of the main flake of Lawrence Sons and Lovers observed psychologically.__This investigate is categorized into a subroutine library research be pull in all sources ar interpreted from libraries. The subject of the research is novel en appellationd Sons and Lovers by D.H Lawrence. The object of the research ab appear revenges in the novel.__Some of the great research findings be stated as follows the first is the character and video of the main character. The second is the theory insane behavior that caused Oedipus multiform in family. The third is the effects caused perverted behavior or Oedipus complex. Then, there some moral values can be taken from the novel.__KEYWORDS OEDIPUS COMPLEX, CHARACTER, PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH._CHAPTE R IIn this chapter, as the introduction, the researcher presents the backg round of golf of the matter, identification of the problem, point of accumulation of the problem, formulation of the problems, objective of the study, significance of the study, and presentation of the thesis.BACKGROUND OF THE aimIn a family, there are human kind betwixt the members of family such as relationship between parents and their son and daughter. Normally the relation among the members of family is based on warmth without respect eachthing although there are inner urge differences among the members of family causing some factor non rare in a family exist abnormal relationship or deviant relation among spawn-son or start-daughter. For shell in Indonesia legend there are degree tells or so deviant relationship among son and mother, where the son (Sangkuriang) wants to married his own mother cause by his interest the parents of the opposite sex. Besides that he to a fault kills his own set out as the result of his deviation relationship with his own mother. accord to Freud the interested youngster toward parent of the opposite gender is called Oedipus complex. Oedipus complex is a concept within psychoanalytic theory referring to a stage of psychosexual puzzlement where child of either gender regards the parent of the kindred gender as an adversary, and competitor, for the exclusive kip down of the parents of the opposite gender.Sons and Lovers is an interesting novel besides this novel also best seller. This novel had written in 1913 and first published, in 1913 by Wordsworth Classics Edition Limited. The story of the novel tells about the deviation relationship between Gertrude Morel and capital of Minnesota Morel (mother and son), besides that the novel tells about conflict that hazarded in a family, death of spouse, grapple affair between capital of Minnesota morel with deuce different girls who had become his girlfriends although they can non replace c apital of Minnesotas mother position in capital of Minnesotas heart.IDENTIFICATION OF THE PROBLEMBased on the novel, there are some problems that can be identified in novel _sons and lovers_ written by D.H. Lawrence, there arecapital of Minnesota morel characterization as the main character in the novel psychologicallyThe moral value that can be taken from the novel _sons and lovers_LIMITATION OF THE PROBLEM there are may problems in _sons and lovers by_ D.H. Lawrence, barely the researcher is whole focus on the aspecting of love convey by main character in the novel _sons and lovers._FORMULATION OF THE PROBLEMThe researcher formulates the problem systematically in the sentences belowWhat are the characterizations of the main character in the novel _sons and lovers_ written by D.H. LawrenceWhat are the moral value found in the novel physical objectIVE OF THE PROBLEMReferring to the formulation of the problem, the objectives of the study areTo describe the characterizations of th e main character in the novel _sons and lovers_ written by D.H. LawrenceTo describe the moral values found in the novelSIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDYIt is hoped that the result of the study will put up the following significant contri scarceionsTo researcher of this research it will lend oneself experiences on the way of analyzing a novelTo de instigate the student of English department of Ahmad Dahlan UniversityTo help the students who want to know more about literary work written by D.H LawrencePRESENTATION OF THE THESISThe study is divided into five chapters. The first chapter consist of background of the study, identification of the problem, limitation of the problem, formulation of the problems, objective of the study, significance of the study, and presentation of the thesis. The second chapter is theoretical framework. The third chapter is about the manner of the research. The fourth chapter is discussion. The fifth chapter is conclusion and suggestion.CHAPTER IITHEORITICAL F RAMEWORKThis chapter is divided into six items. They include biography of the author, Character and characterization, theory of the psychological approach, theory of abnormal behavior, theory of Oedipus Complex, and moral value.BIOGRAPHY OF THE AUTHORDavid Herbert Lawrence (11 September 1885 2 March 1930) was an English novelist, poet, playwright, essayist, literary critic and painter who published as D. H. Lawrence. His collected works dally an extended reflection upon the dehumanising effects of modernity and industrialisation. In them, Lawrence confronts issues relating to emotional health and vitality, spontaneity, and instinct.Lawrences opinions earned him many enemies and he endured official persecution, censorship, and misrepresentation of his fictive work end-to-end the second half of his life, much of which he spent in a voluntary exile which he called his savage pilgrimage. At the fourth dimension of his death, his public reputation was that of a pornographer who had w asted his considerable talents. E. M. Forster, in an obituary nonice, challenged this widely held ruling, describing him as, The greatest imaginative novelist of our generation. Later, the influential Cambridge critic F. R. Leavis championed both his fastidious integrity and his moral seriousness, placing much of Lawrences fiction within the canonical great tradition of the English novel. Lawrence is now valued by many as a visionary thinker and significant representative of modernism in English literature.CHARACTER AND CHARACTERIZATION conjecture OF CHARACTERCharacter is the most important part in a story to recognize individual and figure that involved in the story, for it gives both mental and physical feature of individuals of figure (Sujiman, 199216).In literary work character can divided into two groups, major and minor character. The major character can further be analyzed into iii groups (1) the protagonist, the very central or hero, (2) the antagonist or the enemy (the challenger) of the protagonist, and (3) the companion(s) or the supporter of the protagonist (Subhan, 20028).The ProtagonistProtagonist is the character which is the very central and all-important(a) character or the leading actor (actress). He or she usually the hero or the heroine that play an important character in the story, all the settings of the relationship will be connected with him or her, his or her frequent display in the story, the protagonist appears from beginning of the story until the story, the title of the novel simply represent the name of the protagonist.The AntagonistAntagonist in the novel usually refers to the enemy of the protagonist or the challenger of the protagonist. The companion of the protagonist may function as the lover of the protagonist. In other words, the companion of the protagonist also plays an important role in the story (Subhan, 200211-12)THEORY OF CHARACTERIZATIONCharacterization is one of the elements which develop the work from inside the novel. This element is needed in competition a literary work. Though the characterization, the reader can understand about the individual character whose life is organism told by the author.Nurgiyantoro (2002165) defines characteristic and posts of the character life what is interpreted by the readers characterization denotes the disposition quality.Moreover, based on characterization Subhan (2003) in his book a Guide to Literary Criticism divided characterization in the novel into two groups, namely flat character and round character. Flat character is the character that has unchanging characterization from the beginning to the end of the story. Round character is just the one, which undergoes changes in the characterization in the course of the story (in the beginning the character is good but in the middle or in the end he/she bad, or the beginning he/she bad but in the middle or in the end he/she become good.THEORY OF PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH accord to Rohberger and Woods b oth literature and psychological science discusses people and human lives. Although, sometimes they stomach different point of view, literature discusses man and his life, which the writer expresses through language in the works of literature. Psychology is a study of mans life, to conkher with his mind and behavior (197116-17). Further, Rohberger and Woods said that this approach brings us to analyze the novel from thepsychological point of view of human being (197113).Guerin says that psychological approach is an excellent tool that is most commonly used as an interpretive tool by modern critics to plant by examples how the reader may apply this mode of interpretation to enhance his understanding and appreciation of literature (197913).THEORY OF ABNORMAL BEHAVIORDavid sue, Derald serve and Stanley Sue defines abnormal behavior in their book _Understanding Abnormal Behavior,_ as behavior that departs from some norm and is detrimental to the affected individual or to others (1986 15).Colemen said that the causes of abnormal behavior are divided into two faulty development and severe stress (1972135). He also said that the people often find the problems in their life caused by their past life or the experiences they had in the past. For instance, somebody may get difficulty in building a happy man and wife because of the hurt he experienced in childhood when his parents did not have happy marriage.In addition according to Sue (198637), there are two models of abnormal behavior. They are biogenic and psychogenic models. Biogenic model is a physically cripple. They have a trouble in physical appearance. While there are two major distinguished features of psychogenic models. First, the adults disorder is caused by the traumas or anxiety that is experienced by the people during their childhood. Second, the anxieties that happen in childhood operate unconsciously which means that they are repressed through mental defense mechanism. This condition makes people sho w symptoms which they inefficient to understand.Supranatiknya in _Mengenal Prilaku Abnormal_ (199527-31) add the causative factors in abnormal behavior, namely the psychological and the socio cultural factors.Psychological factorsThere are five factors that caused of abnormal behavior, first, traumatic experience in the childhood, psychological traumatic leaves scars in a childs until she or he grows up. When nobody cares about this, the child always remembers it and it will disturb his or her life. Second, psychological trauma is the experience that destroys the sense of security, sense of ability, pride and it will be hard to recover from trauma. Third, parental deprivation, lacks of love from the parents, the parents do not provide the children with love and enough attention in their lives. They do not give them emotional stimulus. Forth, pathogenic relationship between and their parents.It creates a lot of problems and hindrances in their lives, for example, rejections, overpro tection, surreal demands, over permissive, actions, and pampering action, wrong disciplines, lack of communications and irrational communication and wrong patterns from the parents. The last is pathogenic structure from parents. Family structure can determine the sorting of communication among the members. A certain family structure makes an unhealthy communication patterns, and it will influence the emergence of hindrances of the members.Socio culturalAbnormal behavior deviation can cause of socio cultural. For the example, first, war condition. Second, people have to take a kind of duty that enforces him to it, for instance he has to kill somebody in war condition, or to be involved a violent situation. Third, people become the victims in the discrimination based on certain groups or political affiliation. Forth, economics recession and unemployment.THEORY OF OEDIPUS COMPLEXFrudian term about Oedipus complex is drawn from the myth of Oedipus, designating tie on the part of the child toward the parent of the opposite sex and rivalry and hostility toward the parents of its own. It occurs during the phallic stage of the psycho-sexual development of personality approximately years three to five. Resolution of the Oedipuscomplex is believed to occur by identification with the parent of the same sex and by the renunciation of sexual interest in the parent of the opposite sex. Freud considered this complex the cornerstone of the superego and the nucleus of all human relationship.Freud in (Nye, 1986412) points out that the most important event during the first five years of life occurs during the phallic stage the Oedipus complex, because during this stage, the genital organs begins to take considerable importance. According to Sue (198650) during this stage, the incestuous felling for the opposite-sex parent becomes very strong.Frued via Nye (1986421) argues that his complex is a natural aspect of childhood. It can happen in both sexes. Boys develop a sexual at traction to the mother and want to possesses her and displace the buzz off. It is also happen to the girls.Furthermore, Wolm (196872) said that the fear of castration forces the boy to abandon his or her incestuous desire for his mother. The nonoperational attitude conceals an increased fear of and hatred for the father. This resentment toward the father often develops into defiant attitudes against all men authority. The affection for the mother often turns into a dependance relationship, into a passive need to be loved. Over attachment to the mother is feminine component, partial identification with the mother-lay lead, in turn, to a submissive toward women in the future.Oedipus complex that confront by Paul Morel is in a kind of his love toward his own mother. Mrs. Morel is a wonderful figure for Paul. She love all of her children, she spoil them all, specially Paul. Paul relationship with his mother is colored with love and attachment between them. The relationship is not on ly a relationship between mother and son. They have intimated relationship. Paul attachment to his mother started from his early life and continues on his posterior life. His live to his mother becomes bigger and stronger. They usually have together in journey like loves.Pauls love towards his mother has developed since he always findspeacefulness every time he closes to her. Facing the hard conditions of his family in his daily life, Paul wants to find something different that can make him comfortable. Paul can find what he wants from his mother.Paul never dares hurt his mother his love is big for her. He considers that there is no deepest love that will give to anybody except his other.The deepest of his love belonged to his mother. When he felt he had hurt, or wounded his love for her could not bear it (p.255)For love to his mother, Paul will satisfy if he can do everything that his mother wants from him. It is a way of Paul to express his love and devotion to his mother.Paul lo ve towards his mother can be include as a form of abnormal behavior which is called Oedipus complex in boys. According to Freud (1986), abnormal behavior a boy develops a sexual attraction to the mother wants to possess her and displaces the father. Furthermore, he says that originally, both boy and girl love their father since he can fulfill their needs. This felling does not persist in Paul morel, he tends to prefer his mother and avoid his father, and he has limited interaction with his father because Mr. Morel is cruel in his family. Besides that he also often builds the feel or horror for his children. Paul had bad experiences with his father. He often sees his father painful sensation his mother. Paul hates because of the misery that his father brings in his family.Therefore, Paul prefers his mother to look at his private stories of his day and his mother shares her feeling to him. The warmth that he receives from his mother makes Paul more loving his mother.There is no othe r cleaning lady can enter his private live, his love to is mother is not disturbed. It is one form of Oedipus complex that faced by Paul morel. He even declares to his other that there is no right woman for him except his mother. He acclaims himself to a man of his mother and she is a girl, and they belong each other. He sees himself stuck close to his mother,similar to a man stuck close to his lovers.The effects of abnormal devotion of Oedipus complex Paul morel faced is he feels that his mothers love is a burden that makes him unable to love another woman. When Paul grows to be an adult, he wants to finds a woman for his life, but his mother interferes in his life relation with the women. He is conscious about his inability to express his love to woman he loves. He afraid that the woman he loves is not the right one for him. He cannot love any women under his mothers shadow.The other effects of Oedipus complex that faced by Paul morel is Paul become depend on his mother. His depen dence grows stronger as seen when his mother dies. Paul spontaneously feels as if he loses his world. He is desperate and baffle because he loses someone he depends on every much. He is not sure to continue his life without his mother construe withing him.Losing his mother means everything to Paul. There is no longer a place to lie down, to share his story, and to love. He loses the tender touch. He always got during his mothers life. He considers that his mother the only one who could handle his life.Besides all of the effects of Oedipus complex toward Paul morel stated above, he also growing up as a traumatic man. Paul does not want to get married he does not have a desire to get married. Even though his mother supports him to get married he still does not want to get married. It causes by his love to his mother. He does not want to leave his mother alone. He wants to accompany her during her whole life.MORAL VALUES later on having analyzed the novel carefully there is several p oints that writer take as moral values. Firstly, Mr. Morel bad attitude toward his family is was bringing bad effect toward his children it make his children hate him so much. Actually as a father Mr. Morel must be a good example for his children not the bad one because it is not good for his children development.Secondly, Mrs. Morel over love, protection and affection toward Paul also bring great effect to Paul personality development he become depend, introvert, and sensitive.The above points show that Paul parents have bad influences in his Oedipus complex. Pauls father cannot do his role as a father for his children, especially to Paul. Pauls mother does no her role as a mother in great capacity that therefore too much for Paul. Paul develops abnormally because of the imbalance of parents role. Paul cannot grow up as well as the other children of a normally family who have good parents. So the moral values that can be taken from the novel are parents in play their role toward t heir child must be in balance portion both of father or mother. It tended to make the development of the children in a normal condition did not have abnormal deviation.CHAPTER III search METHODThis chapter is about type of research, subject and object of the study, data collecting method and data analyzing method.TYPE OF RESEARCHThis research belongs to the library research because the sources of this research are from libraries. The sources of this research are classified into two parts, namely main source and supporting sources. The main sources of this research is the novel _sons and lovers by_ D.H. Lawrence. While the supporting sources of this research are many references supporting the main source, such as books on literature and psychology, journals, and articles from the internet sites.SUBJECT AND OBJECT OF THE STUDYThe subject of the study is the novel _sons and lovers by_ D.H. Lawrence that published in in 1913, it consist of 423 pages.The object of this study is love of t he main character as a son reflected in _sons and lovers by_ D.H. Lawrence.DATA COLLECTING METHODData collecting method used in this research is the library study method. The researcher goes to the library and read some books that have relation to the theme of the research. After finding the sources and read them the researcher makes any necessary notes that are used to support the research. After making a notes, the researcher categorizes the data and make it ready to be analyzed further.DATA ANALYZING METHODData Analyzing method of this research is qualitative research. This method is started by statement, quotation, or described by explanation. It is used to give clear description about the study qualitative by choosing, considering, defining, and arranging the fixed data.CHAPTER IVRESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONThis chapter discusses the research findings and discussion of the novel _sons and lovers._ In this chapter, the researcher presents about three points the synopsys of n ovel, the characterization of the main characters, and moral values taken from the novel.The compendium of NovelMrs. Morel is a wonderful figure for Paul. She love all of her children, she spoil them all, especially Paul. Paul relationship with his mother iscolored with love and attachment between them. The relationship is not only a relationship between mother and son. They have intimated relationship. Paul attachment to his mother started from his early life and continues on his later life. His live to his mother becomes bigger and stronger.They usually have together in journey like loves. Pauls love towards his mother has developed since he always finds peacefulness every time he closes to her. Facing the hard conditions of his family in his daily life, Paul wants to find something different that can make him comfortable. Paul can find what he wants from his mother. Paul never dares hurt his mother his love is big for her. He considers that there is no deepest love that will giv e to anybody except his other.The deepest of his love belonged to his mother. When he felt he had hurt, or wounded his love for her could not bear it (p.255)For love to his mother, Paul will satisfy if he can do everything that his mother wants from him. It is a way of Paul to express his love and devotion to his mother. Paul love towards his mother can be included as a form of abnormal behavior which is called Oedipus complex in boys. According to Freud (1986), abnormal behavior a boy develops a sexual attraction to the mother wants to possess her and displaces the father.Furthermore, he says that originally, both boy and girl love their father since he can fulfill their needs. This felling does not persist in Paul morel, he tends to prefer his mother and avoid his father, and he has limited interaction with his father because Mr. Morel is cruel in his family. Besides that he also often builds the feel or horror for his children. Paul had bad experiences with his father. He often s ees his father hurting his mother. Paul hates because of the misery that his father brings in his family.Therefore, Paul prefers his mother to share his private stories of his day and his mother shares her feeling to him. The warmth that he receives from his mother makes Paul more loving his mother. There is no other woman can enter his private live, his love to is mother is not disturbed. It is one form of Oedipus complex that faced by Paul morel. He even declares to his other that there is no right woman for him except his mother. He acclaimshimself to a man of his mother and she is a girl, and they belong each other.He sees himself stuck close to his mother, similar to a man stuck close to his lovers. The effects of abnormal devotion of Oedipus complex Paul morel faced is he feels that his mothers love is a burden that makes him unable to love another woman. When Paul grows to be an adult, he wants to finds a woman for his life, but his mother interferes in his life relation with the women. He is conscious about his inability to express his love to woman he loves. He afraid that the woman he loves is not the right one for him. He cannot love any women under his mothers shadow.The other effects of Oedipus complex that faced by Paul morel is Paul become depend on his mother. His dependence grows stronger as seen when his mother dies. Paul spontaneously feels as if he loses his world. He is desperate and frustrated because he loses someone he depends on every much. He is not sure to continue his life without his mother accompanying him.Losing his mother means everything to Paul. There is no longer a place to lie down, to share his story, and to love. He loses the tender touch. He always got during his mothers life. He considers that his mother the only one who could handle his life.Besides all of the effects of Oedipus complex toward Paul morel stated above, he also growing up as a traumatic man. Paul does not want to get married he does not have a desire to g et married. Even though his mother supports him to get married he still does not want to get married. It causes by his love to his mother. He does not want to leave his mother alone. He wants to accompany her during her whole life.CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MAIN CHARACTERSCharacter is the most important part in a story to recognize individual and figure that involved in the story, for it gives both mental and physical feature of individuals of figure (Sujiman, 199216).Protagonist is the character which is the very central and crucial characteror the leading actor (actress). He or she usually the hero or the heroine that play an important role in the story, all the settings of the relationship will be connected with him or her, his or her frequent appearance in the story, the protagonist appears from beginning of the story until the story, the title of the novel simply represent the name of the protagonist.Paul is the protagonist of the novel, and we follow his life from infancy to his early twenties. He is good looking, romantic, work hard, and unceasingly prone to his mother. They are inseparable he confides everything in her, works and paints to please her, and nurses her as she dies. Paul has ultimately unsuccessful romances with Miriam Leiver and Clara Dawes, always alternating between great love and hatred for each of them. His relationship fails with Miriam because she is too sacrificial and virginal to claim him as hers, whereas it fails with Clara because, it seems, she has never given up on her estranged husband. However, the major solid ground behind Pauls break-ups is the long shadow of his mother no woman can ever equal her in his eyes, and he can never free himself from her possession.After analyzing this novel, the researcher finds some characterization of the main character. They areGOOD LOOKINGPaul is a young man whose physical appearance is handsome. See quotation belowPaul made no answer, but passed listlessly in front of his picture and turne d towards it. A look gladden came into his eyes, as if he had recognized himself for the first time (Ch II.P.40)ROMANTICPaul is a romantic person. When he met Clara at the theatre at the first time, he fell in love to her and describe as a beautiful girl. It can beseen in this statementimagine a girl, hardly 17 years of age, with a little flowerlike face, lips that were like the petals of a rose. She was the loveliest thing I had ever seen (CH III, P.50)WORK HARDPaul was always work hard to come upon what he wanted. He gave everything he had, his ability, his time to do. It can be seen in this statementI take my half of our final list back to my desk, and Im about to do a job CH I, P.15)MORAL VALUES OF THE NOVELAfter having analyzed the novel carefully there is several points that writer take as moral values.Firstly, Mr. Morel bad attitude toward his family is was bringing bad effect toward his children it make his children hate him so much. Actually as a father Mr. Morel must be a good example for his children not the bad one because it is not good for his children development.Secondly, Mrs. Morel over love, protection and affection toward Paul also bring great effect to Paul personality development he become depend, introvert, and sensitive.BIBLIOGRAPHYGuerin. 1979. _An introduction Guide to Literature_. New York Longman.Hornby, A.S. 1985. _Oxford Advanced Learners dictionary of Current English_. Great Britain. Oxford University Press.Lawrence, David Herbert. 1993. _Sons and Lovers_. London reprint in wordsworth classic published.Nye, Robert D. 1986. Three _Psycologies Perspective from Freud, skinner and Rogers._ California Brooks/cole Publishing Company.Nurgiyantoro, Burhan. 2002. _Teori Pengkajian Fiksi_. Yogyakarta Gajah Mada Press.Rohberger, Mary, and Samuel h. woods, Jr. 1971_. indication and Writing about Literary_. New York Random House.Subhan, Bustami. 2002. _Literary Criticism Book One_. Yogyakarta LPPDMF._____________ 2003_. A Guide to Literar y Criticism._ Yogyakarta LPPDMF.Sue, David, Derald, Stanley. 1986. _Understanding Abnormal Behavior_. New York Random House Inc.Sujiman, Panuti. 1992. _Memahami Cerita Rekaan_.bandung Dunia Pustaka Jaya.Supraktiknya. 1995. Mengenal Perilaku Abnormal. Yogyakarta Kanisius.CONCLUSION.Based on the analysis from _Sons And Lovers_ by D.H Lawrence, it can be concluded that, first, cause of the onset of Oedipus complex is preceded by a relationship of harmony in the household Mr. Morel and his wife. inharmoniousness is mainly due to domestic economic problems and habits of husbands who like to consume liquor. Under these conditions the wife turned their concern to his son, the William and Paul. The Oedipus complex which was one of the crucial themes prevalent throughout the novel was particularly evident through the form of dialogue.As Paul talks more to his mother and the readers witness his stream of consciousness one begins to bump the usual lustful and romantic feelings he has for his mother. Thisfact is compounded by his resentment and hatred of his father. Therefore, D.H Lawrence strategizes his plot and character development in such a way as to advance the thematic elements he wishes to presume within the novel. He cleverly engages the reader through the use of these literary techniques to recognize the motifs and themes being portrayed and an element of imagery is created in the same token.

Talk Shows

If social order is not a given, if it is not encoded in our DNA, then to some extent we be ever so in the process of producing virtual veridicalities, some more functional than others. Habits, routines, and institutions are the patterns that create the world taken for granted. Knowledge of how to behave is contained in cultural scripts that are themselves products of human interaction and communication about the nature of reality. Shame, guilt, embarrassment are controlling feelings that arise from speaking the unspeakable and from violating cultural taboos.Society is a go of its boundaries,of what it will and wont every(prenominal)ow. As we watch, listen, and are entertained, TV gurgle shows are rewriting our cultural scripts, altering our perceptions, our social relationships, and our relationships to the natural world. TV conversation shows offer us a world of blurred boundaries. Cultural distinctions between public and private, credible and incredible witnesses, truth a nd falseness, good and evil, sickness and irresponsibility, normal and abnormal, therapy and exploitation, evoke and stranger, fragmentation and community are manipulated and erased for our distraction and entertainment.A community in real time and place exhibits longevity, an interdependence based on common interests, fooling concerns, mutual obligations, norms, kinship, friendship, loyalty, and local knowledge, and real physical structures, not just shared information. If your neighbors house is on fire, you are motivated to help rear it out, or at least interested in having it put out, because you care about your neighbor and the fire is a threat to your own house. Television bawl out shows create an ersatz community, without any of the social and personal responsibilities that are attached to real life. Therapy as entertainment is the appeal of these shows.The so-called hosts rely on the cynical use of the therapeutic model for psychological sound bites. The need to arise a nd inform the audience is the voiced rationale for getting the so-called guests to give ever more titillating details of their misdeeds, or of the misdeeds done to them by family or friends ( much not on the show). The underlying assumption that most social pathology is the result of a medical problem beyond the control of the so-called victim encourages, at least indirectly, people to coiffure on to these shows confessing outrageous stories of anti-social behavior to millions of strangers.Rather than beingness mortified, ashamed, or trying to hide their stigma, guests willingly and eagerly discuss their child molesting, sexual quirks, and criminal records in an effort to seek understanding for their particular disease. in time these people remain caricatures, plucked out of the context of their real lives, unimportant except for their entertain problem. (In real life someone might question the benefits of in public confessing to people who really dont care about you or dont h ave the expertise to give advice. Exploitation, voyeurism, peeping Toms, freak shows all come to mind. )The central distortion that these shows propound is that they give useful therapy to guests and useful advice to the audience. And that they are not primarily designed to extract the most riveting and most entertaining emotional displays from participants. This leads to such self-serving and silly speeches by hosts as I ask this question not to pry in your business but to educate parents in our audience (Oprah, trying to get graphic details from a female guest who claims to have been sodomized by her father) and Do I understand, Lisa, that intercourse began with your pop at age 12, and oral sex between 5 and 12?Do I understand that you were beaten before and after the sexual encounters? (Phil, class period from prepared notes, to a crying teenager). The audience at various points in the hour has a chance to get on television too. Their questions are often rude by conventional st andards and reinforce the hosts requests for more potentially entertaining details. Their advice ranges from merely simplistic, under the circumstances, to misleading and erroneous.For example, in a new Sally Jessy Raphael Show entitled When Your Best Friend Is Sleeping With Your Father, the daughters on stage were advised to just love them both and accept the situation. The most moot part of this is the generally nonjudgmental tenor of the dialogue. Societys conventions are flouted with impunity, and the hidden message is that the way to get on television is to be as outrageous and antisocial as possible. The 20 million blank space viewers have no direct contact, physically, with the social situation in the studio.Home viewers can be listening to people recounting concentration camp horrors while popping a frozen dinner into the microwave. The ordinary, everyday world of the home audience is made bizarre by the contrasting tales of horror and woe they are only half listening to . The viewer has two basic options He or she can, like the hero of Nathanael Wests tragic Miss Lonelyhearts, go crazy listening to these stories of hideous pain and pathology. Or he or she must become inured, apathetic, or amused, or, to use the darkly delicious German word schadenfreude, he or she may get a deep feel of glee at anothers misfortunes.People come into view, talk, cry, disappear, and in between we watch the commercials for consumer products that promise to improve our lives. Edward Albees Whos Afraid of Virginia Woolf? revolves nigh the seemingly out-of-place confessions by a husband and wife of their most private life together to two guests in their home who are virtual strangers. traditional expectations of polite formalities and barriers are constantly breached within the action of the play. The husband, at one point says, Aww, that was nice, I think weve been having a, a real good evening, all things considered.Weve sat around, and got to know each other, and had fun and games.. . Whos Afraid of Virginia Woolf? , however disconcerting to the audience, is just a play with actors. Television talk shows are arenas for real people. Their manipulation by hosts, who alternate between mocking, a patronizing cynicism (I want to be as smart as you someday Phil), and a cautiously constructed verisimilitude of caring (Thank you for sharing that with us Oprah) must have repercussions for the guests after the show is over.These people may really be seeking help or understanding. Appropriate reactions seem virtually impossible under the circumstances. We the viewing audience have entertained ourselves at the disasters of real lives. This is one of the more shameless aspects of the talk show spectacle. As passive witnesses, we consume others misfortunes without feeling any responsibility to do anything to intervene.